[Ki a B, kāore rānei Ki a B, he pātai tēnei. -- Shakespeare]
I te tau 1991, i whakaarohia tuatahitia e te Ahorangi o MIT, e Kevin Ashton, te ariā o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea.
I te tau 1994, i oti te hanga o te whare rangatira atamai o Bill Gates, ā, i whakaurua mai ai ngā taputapu rama atamai me te pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana atamai mō te wā tuatahi. Ka tīmata te kitea e te iwi whānui ngā taputapu me ngā pūnaha atamai.
I te tau 1999, i whakatūria e MIT te "Pokapū Tautuhi Aunoa", nāna i whakaaro "ka taea te hono i ngā mea katoa mā te whatunga", ā, i whakamāramahia hoki te tikanga matua o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea.
I te marama o Ākuhata 2009, i whakatakoto te Pirimia Wen Jiabao i te kaupapa "Sensing China", ā, i whakarārangihia te iot hei tētahi o ngā ahumahi rautaki e rima o te whenua, i tuhia ki roto i te "Government work report", ā, kua aro nui te iot ki te hapori katoa o Haina.
Nō muri mai, kāore te mākete e herea noa ki ngā kāri atamai me ngā mita wai, engari ki ngā momo mara, tae atu ki ngā hua IoT mai i te papamuri ki mua, ki te tirohanga a te tangata.
I roto i ngā tau 30 o te whanaketanga o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea, he maha ngā huringa me ngā auahatanga kua pā ki te mākete. I tirotirohia e te kaituhi te hītori o te whanaketanga o To C me To B, ā, i ngana ki te titiro ki ngā wā o mua mai i te tirohanga o nāianei, kia whakaarohia ai te heke mai o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea, ki hea e anga atu ai?
Ki C: Ka kukume mai ngā hua hou i te aro o te marea
I ngā tau tōmua, i puea ake ngā taonga kāinga atamai, nā te kaupapa here i akiaki. Ina puta mai ēnei hua kaihoko, pērā i ngā kaikorero atamai, ngā poroporo atamai me ngā karetao horoi, ka rongonui haere rātou.
· Ka hurihia e te kaikorero atamai te ariā o te kaikorero kāinga tuku iho, ka taea te hono atu mā te whatunga ahokore, ka whakakotahi i ngā mahi pēnei i te whakahaere taonga me te whakahaere maha-rūma, ā, ka kawea mai he wheako whakangahau hou ki ngā kaiwhakamahi. E kitea ana ngā kaikorero atamai hei piriti ki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me ngā hua atamai, ā, e tika ana kia tino whakanuia e te maha o ngā kamupene hangarau nui pēnei i a Baidu, Tmall me Amazon.
· Ko te poroporo atamai Xiaomi i muri i te kaihanga, te R&D me te whakaputanga o te tīma hangarau Huami e whakaaro pai ana, ko te whakatupuranga o te roopu Xiaomi e hoko ana i te nuinga o te 1 miriona waeine, ko ngā hua i roto i te iti iho i te tau i runga i te mākete, neke atu i te 10 miriona waeine i hokona e te ao; Ko te roopu o te whakatupuranga tuarua i tukuna he 32 miriona waeine, ka whakatakoto i te rekoata mo nga taputapu atamai Hainamana.
· He karetao horoi papa: e makona ana i ngā wawata o te tangata, e noho ana i runga i te tūru hei whakaoti i ngā mahi whare. Nā tēnei i hangaia ai he ingoa hou "te ōhanga mangere", ka taea te penapena i te wā mahi whare mō te kaiwhakamahi, ina puta mai ka pai ki te tini o ngā kaiwhaiwhai hua atamai.
Ko te take e ngāwari ai te pahū o ngā hua To C i ngā tau tōmua, he pānga wera anō hoki ō ngā hua atamai. Ina kite ngā kaiwhakamahi kua roa nei ā rātou taonga tawhito i ngā karetao e horoi ana, ngā wati poroporo atamai, ngā kaikorero atamai me ētahi atu hua, ka hiahia rātou ki te hoko i ēnei taonga hou, ā, i te wā anō ka puta mai ngā momo papaaho pāpori (WeChat circle of friends, weibo, QQ space, zhihu, me ētahi atu) ka tere te horapa o ngā āhuatanga o te whakakaha, ngā hua atamai me te horapa. E tumanako ana te tangata ki te whakapai ake i te kounga o te oranga me ngā hua atamai. Ehara i te mea kua piki ake ngā hoko a ngā kaihanga anake, engari kua piki haere te aro o te tangata ki te Ipurangi o ngā Mea.
I roto i te tirohanga a te tangata mō te kāinga atamai, kei te whanake haere tonu te Ipurangi, ā, nā tōna whanaketanga i puta ai tētahi taputapu e kiia nei ko te whakaahua kaiwhakamahi, ka noho hei kaha akiaki mō te pahūtanga o te kāinga atamai. Mā te whakahaere tika i ngā kaiwhakamahi, ka whakakorea ō rātou raruraru, ka puta ake ngā mahi hou mai i te putanga tawhito o te kāinga atamai, ā, ka puta mai he puranga hua hou, ka tupu te mākete, ka hoatu ki te tangata he wawata ataahua.
Heoi, i roto i te mākete wera, ka kite hoki ētahi i ngā tohu. Ko te nuinga o te wā, ko te hiahia o ngā kaiwhakamahi o ngā hua atamai he nui te whai wāhitanga me te utu e whakaaetia ana. Ina whakatauhia te whai wāhitanga, ka tīmata ngā kaihanga ki te whakaiti i te utu o te hua, kia taea ai e te tokomaha te whakaae ki te utu o ngā hua atamai, kia rapu ai i te mākete nui ake. I te hekenga o ngā utu o ngā hua, ka eke te tipu o ngā kaiwhakamahi ki ngā taha. He iti noa te tokomaha o ngā kaiwhakamahi e hiahia ana ki te whakamahi i ngā hua atamai, ā, he tokomaha ake te hunga e mau ana i te waiaro matatika ki ngā hua atamai. E kore rātou e noho hei kaiwhakamahi o ngā hua Ipurangi o ngā Mea i roto i te wā poto. Nō reira, ka mau haere te tipu o te mākete i roto i te arai.
Ko tētahi o ngā tohu tino kitea o te hoko whare atamai ko ngā raka tatau atamai. I ngā tau tōmua, i hangaia te raka tatau mō te pito B. I taua wā, he teitei ake te utu, ā, ko te nuinga o te wā i whakamahia e ngā hōtera papai. I muri mai, i muri i te rongonui o te whare atamai, ka tīmata te whanaketanga haere o te mākete C-terminal me te pikinga ake o ngā tuku, ā, ka tino heke te utu o te mākete C-terminal. E whakaatu ana ngā hua ahakoa he wera te mākete C-terminal, ko te tuku nui rawa atu ko ngā raka tatau atamai iti-utu, ā, ko ngā kaihoko, ko te nuinga mō ngā kaiwhakahaere hōtera iti-utu me ngā whare noho tūmatanui, ko te kaupapa o te whakamahi i ngā raka tatau atamai he whakahaere i te whakahaere. Nō reira, kua "hoki ngā kaihanga i tā rātou kupu", ā, kei te haere tonu ki te keri hohonu ki ngā hōtera, ngā whare noho me ētahi atu āhuatanga tono. Ka hokona te raka tatau atamai ki te kaiwhakahaere whare noho hōtera, ka taea te hoko mano tini o ngā hua i te wā kotahi, ahakoa kua heke te hua, engari ka whakaitihia te nui o te utu hoko.
Ki a B: Ka whakatuwheratia e te IoT te haurua tuarua o te whakataetae
I te taenga mai o te mate urutā, kei te pāngia te ao e ngā huringa nui kāore i kitea i roto i te rautau. I te mea ka whakawhāitihia e ngā kaihoko ā rātou pēke moni, ā, ka iti ake te hiahia ki te whakapau moni i roto i te ōhanga wiri, kei te tahuri ngā kamupene nunui o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea ki te B-terminal ki te rapu i te tipu o te moni whiwhi.
Ahakoa, kei te hiahiatia ngā kiritaki B-end, ā, e hiahia ana rātou ki te whakapau moni hei whakaiti i ngā utu me te whakapiki i te whai huatanga mō te hinonga. Heoi, he maha ngā wā ka wehewehea ngā whakaritenga a ngā kiritaki B-terminal, ā, he rerekē ngā whakaritenga a ngā hinonga me ngā ahumahi mō te matauranga, nō reira me tātarihia ngā raruraru motuhake. I taua wā anō, he roa te huringa hangarau o te kaupapa B-end, ā, he tino uaua ngā taipitopito, he uaua te tono hangarau, he nui te utu whakatinanatanga me te whakapai ake, ā, he roa te huringa whakaora kaupapa. He take haumarutanga raraunga me ngā take tūmataiti hei whakatau, ā, ehara i te mea ngāwari te whiwhi i tētahi kaupapa taha-B.
Heoi, he tino whai hua te taha B o te pakihi, ā, ka taea e tētahi kamupene otinga ioT iti me ētahi kiritaki taha B pai te whiwhi hua pumau me te ora i te mate urutā me te raruraru ōhanga. I taua wā anō, i te pakeketanga o te Ipurangi, he maha ngā pūkenga o te umanga e aro ana ki ngā hua SaaS, e tīmata ai te tangata ki te aro nui atu ki te taha-B. Nā te mea ka taea e te SaaS te tāruarua i te taha B, ka whakaratohia hoki he rerenga moni tāpiri tonu (me te whiwhi moni tonu mai i ngā ratonga e whai ake nei).
Mō te mākete, i eke te rahi o te mākete SaaS ki te 27.8 piriona yuan i te tau 2020, he pikinga 43% ki te whakataurite ki te tau 2019, ā, i neke atu te rahi o te mākete PaaS i te 10 piriona yuan, he pikinga 145% ki te whakataurite ki te wā kotahi o te tau kua hipa. I tere te tipu o te pātengi raraunga, te pūmanawa waenga me ngā ratonga moroiti. Nā tēnei tere, ka aro te tangata ki tēnei.
Mō te ToB (Industrial Internet of Things), he maha ngā waeine pakihi e whakamahia ana e ngā kaiwhakamahi matua, ā, ko ngā whakaritenga matua mō te AIoT he pono teitei, he whai hua me te haumaru. Kei roto i ngā horopaki tono ko te hanga atamai, te maimoatanga hauora atamai, te aroturuki atamai, te rokiroki atamai, te kawe waka atamai me te waka, me te taraiwa aunoa. He maha ngā raruraru o ēnei mara, kāore e taea te whakaoti i tētahi paerewa, ā, me mātau, me mārama ki te ahumahi, me mārama ki te pūmanawa me te mārama ki te tono o te whai wāhi ngaio, kia tutuki ai te huringa atamai ahumahi taketake. Nō reira, he uaua ki te whakanui ake. I te nuinga o te wā, he pai ake ngā hua iot mō ngā mara he nui ngā whakaritenga haumaru (pēnei i te hanga maina waro), he tino tika te hanga (pēnei i te hanga me te maimoatanga hauora teitei), me te taumata teitei o te paerewa hua (pēnei i ngā wāhanga, ngā matū o ia rā me ētahi atu paerewa). I ngā tau tata nei, kua tīmata te whakatakoto haere i te B-terminal ki roto i ēnei mara.
Ki a C→Ki a B: He aha i pērā ai te huringa
He aha te take i nekehia ai te Ipurangi o ngā Mea mai i te pūnaha C ki te pūnaha B? E whakarāpopoto ana te kaituhi i ngā take e whai ake nei:
1. Kua tino pūmau te tipu, ā, kāore i te rawaka ngā kaiwhakamahi. Kei te hiahia nui ngā kaihanga IoT ki te rapu i te pihi tuarua o te tipu.
Tekau mā whā tau i muri mai, kua mōhiotia te Ipurangi o ngā Mea e te iwi, ā, he maha ngā kamupene nunui kua puta ake i Haina. Kei reira a Xiaomi taitamariki, kei reira hoki te panonitanga āta haere o te kaiārahi taonga tuku iho a Halemy, kei reira te whanaketanga o ngā kāmera mai i Haikang Dahua, kei reira hoki i roto i te mara o ngā kōwae hei tuku tuatahi o te ao o Yuanyucom… Mō ngā wheketere nunui me ngā wheketere iti, kei te aukati te whanaketanga o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea nā te iti o ngā kaiwhakamahi.
Engari ki te kauhoe koe ki te au, ka hoki whakamuri koe. Pērā anō hoki mō ngā kamupene e hiahia ana ki te tipu tonu kia ora ai i roto i ngā mākete uaua. Nō reira, ka tīmata ngā kaihanga ki te whakawhānui i te pihi tuarua. I hangaia e Millet he motuka, nā te mea i kīia he korekore; i roto i te pūrongo ā-tau, ka huri puku a Haikang Dahua i te pakihi ki ngā hinonga mea mohio; kua herea a Huawei e te Hononga o Amerika, ā, ka tahuri ki te mākete pito-B. Ko te ope kua whakatūria me te Huawei Cloud ngā wāhi tomo mō rātou ki te mākete Ipurangi o ngā Mea me te 5G. I te mea ka rere ngā kamupene nui ki te B, me kimi wāhi rātou mō te tipu.
2. Ki te whakaritea ki te taunga rererangi C, he iti te utu mō te ako o te taunga rererangi B.
He tangata uaua te kaiwhakamahi, mā te whakaahua o te kaiwhakamahi ka taea e ia te tautuhi i tētahi wāhanga o tana whanonga, engari kāore he ture hei whakangungu i te kaiwhakamahi. Nō reira, kāore e taea te whakaako i ngā kaiwhakamahi, ā, he uaua ki te tatau i te utu o te tukanga mātauranga.
Heoi, mō ngā umanga, ko ngā kaiwhakatau ko ngā rangatira o te kamupene, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā rangatira he tangata. Ina rongo rātou i te mātauranga, ka tiaho ō rātou kanohi. Me tatau noa i ngā utu me ngā painga, ā, ka tīmata wawe rātou ki te rapu i ngā otinga whakarerekētanga atamai. Ina koa i ēnei tau e rua, kāore te taiao i te pai, kāore e taea te whakatuwhera i te pūtake, ka taea anake te whakaiti i ngā whakapaunga. Ā, koinei te mea e pai ai te Ipurangi o ngā Mea.
E ai ki ētahi raraunga i kohia e te kaituhi, mā te hanganga o tētahi wheketere atamai ka taea te whakaiti i te utu mahi o te awheawhe tuku iho mā te 90%, engari ka tino whakaitihia hoki te mōrearea whakaputa, ka whakaitihia te koretake o te hapa tangata. Nō reira, kua tīmata te rangatira, he moni tāpiri kei te ringa, ki te whakamātau i te whakarerekētanga atamai iti te utu, me te whakamahi i te huarahi haurua-aunoa me te haurua-hangai, me te mahi āta haere. I tēnei rā, ka whakamahia e mātou ngā tohu hiko me te RFID hei ine me ngā taonga. Āpōpō, ka hokona e mātou ētahi waka AGV hei whakaoti rapanga whakahaere. I te piki haere o te aunoatanga, ka tuwhera te mākete B-end.
3. Nā te whanaketanga o te kapua ka puta mai ngā huarahi hou ki te Ipurangi o ngā Mea.
Ko Ali Cloud, te tuatahi ki te uru atu ki te mākete kapua, kua whakarato inaianei i te kapua raraunga mō ngā umanga maha. Haunga te tūmau kapua matua, kua whanakehia e Ali Cloud te taha whakarunga me te taha whakararo. Ka kitea ngā tohu hokohoko ingoa rohe, te tātari rokiroki raraunga, te haumarutanga kapua me te mātauranga horihori, tae atu ki te kaupapa whakawhiti atamai, i runga i ngā otinga pakeke a Ali Cloud. Ka taea te kī kua tīmata haere te hauhake i ngā tau tōmua o te whakatipu, ā, he pai te hua kupenga ā-tau i whakaaturia i roto i tana pūrongo pūtea, koinei te utu pai rawa atu mō tana whakatipu.
Ko te hua matua o Tencent Cloud he pāpori. He nui ngā rauemi kiritaki B-terminal e whakamahia ana e ia mā roto i ngā kaupapa iti, te utu WeChat, te WeChat Hinonga me ētahi atu āhuatanga taiao. I runga i tēnei, ka whakahōhonu tonu, ka whakaū tonu i tōna tūranga rangatira i roto i te ao pāpori.
Ko Huawei Cloud, i te mea he tomuri ia, tera pea kei muri i ētahi atu kamupene nunui. I tōna urunga ki te mākete, kua kī kē ngā kamupene nunui, nō reira, he mea pōuri te tīmatanga o te wahanga mākete o Huawei Cloud. Heoi, ka kitea i roto i ngā whanaketanga o ngā tau tata nei, kei te mahi tonu a Huawei Cloud i te ao hanga hei whawhai mō te wahanga mākete. Ko te take he kamupene hanga a Huawei, ā, he tino aro ki ngā uauatanga o te umanga hanga ahumahi, e āhei ai a Huawei Cloud ki te whakaoti tere i ngā raruraru hinonga me ngā āhuatanga mamae. Nā tēnei pūkenga e waiho ai a Huawei Cloud hei tētahi o ngā kapua e rima o runga rawa atu o te ao.
I te tipu haere o te rorohiko kapua, kua kite ngā kamupene nunui i te hiranga o ngā raraunga. Ko te kapua, hei kaikawe raraunga, kua noho hei kaupapa tautohetohe mā ngā wheketere nunui.
Ki a B: Kei hea te mākete e anga atu ana?
He āmua kei te heke mai mō te pito B? Koinei pea te pātai kei roto i ngā hinengaro o te tini o ngā kaipānui e pānui ana i tēnei. Mō tēnei, e ai ki te rangahau me te whakatau tata a ngā umanga maha, he tino iti tonu te reiti urunga o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea B-terminal, tata ki te 10%-30%, ā, he nui tonu te wāhi urunga o te whanaketanga o te mākete.
He iti aku tohutohu mō te whakauru atu ki te mākete B-end. Tuatahi, he mea nui kia whiriwhiria te mara tika. Me whakaaro ngā umanga ki te porowhita kaha kei reira tā rātou pakihi o nāianei, me whakapai tonu i tā rātou pakihi matua, me whakarato i ngā otinga iti engari ataahua, me te whakaoti i ngā hiahia o ētahi kiritaki. Mā te kohikohi i ngā kaupapa, ka taea e te pakihi te noho hei awa pai rawa atu i muri i te pakeketanga. Tuarua, mō te pakihi B-end, he mea tino nui te taranata. Ko te hunga ka taea te whakaoti rapanga me te whakatutuki i ngā hua ka nui ake ngā mea ka taea e te kamupene. Hei whakamutunga, he maha ngā mahi pakihi i te taha B ehara i te mea kotahi noa. Ka taea te whakarato ratonga me ngā whakapainga i muri i te otinga o te kaupapa, ko te tikanga he rere tonu o ngā hua hei keri.
Whakamutunga
E 30 tau te whanaketanga o te mākete Ipurangi o ngā Mea. I ngā tau tōmua, i whakamahia noa te Ipurangi o ngā Mea ki te pito B. Nā te NB-IOT, te mita wai a LoRa me te kāri atamai RFID i whakarato he nui ngā whai wāhitanga mō ngā mahi hanganga pēnei i te tuku wai. Heoi, he kaha rawa te pupuhi o te hau o ngā taonga kaihoko atamai, ā, kua kukume te Ipurangi o ngā Mea i te aro o te marea, ā, kua noho hei taonga kaihoko e rapuhia ana e te tangata mō tētahi wā. Ināianei, kua riro te tuyere, kua tīmata te pito C o te mākete ki te whakaatu i te ahua o te ngoikore, kua tīmata ngā umanga nui ki te whakatikatika i te ihu, ki te pito B whakamua anō, me te tumanako ka kitea he hua anō.
I ngā marama tata nei, kua whakahaerehia e te AIoT Star Map Research Institute tētahi rangahau me te tātaritanga taipitopito me te hōhonu ake mō te umanga taonga kaihoko atamai, ā, kua whakatakotohia hoki te ariā o te "noho atamai".
He aha i kiia ai he kāinga tangata atamai, kaua ko te kāinga mohio tuku iho? Whai muri i te maha o ngā uiuinga me ngā rangahau, i kitea e ngā kaitātari mahere whetu AIoT i muri i te whakatakotoranga o ngā hua atamai kotahi, ka pōuri haere te rohe i waenga i te C-terminal me te B-terminal, ā, he maha ngā hua kaihoko atamai i whakakotahihia, ā, i hokona ki te B-terminal, ka hangaia he kaupapa e aro ana ki ngā āhuatanga. Kātahi, me ngā kāinga tangata atamai, ka tautuhia e tēnei tirohanga te mākete whare atamai o ēnei rā, he tika ake.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-11-2022