Taketake: Ulink Media
Kaituhi: 旸谷
Nō nā tata nei, kua whiwhi te kamupene haurua-ā-ira Tatimana, a NXP, i te kaha ki te whakatutuki i te tūnga tika o ētahi atu taonga me ngā taputapu UWB mā te whakamahi i te hangarau whānui-rahi. Mā tēnei otinga hou ka puta mai ngā āheinga hou mō ngā momo whakamahinga e hiahia ana ki te tūnga tika me te aroturuki, he tohu tēnei i tētahi ahunga whakamua nui i roto i te hītori o te whanaketanga hangarau UWB.
Ina hoki, kua tere te mahi i te tika o te taumata henimita o te UWB i tēnei wā, i roto i te mara o te tūnga, ā, ko te utu nui o ngā taputapu ka whakararuraru i ngā kaiwhakamahi me ngā kaiwhakarato otinga ki te whakatau i ngā uauatanga utu me te whakatinanatanga. I tēnei wā, me "hurihuri" ki te taumata mirimita, he mea tika rānei? Ā, he aha ngā whai wāhitanga mākete ka kawea mai e te UWB taumata mirimita?
He aha i uaua ai te toro atu ki te UWB tauine mirimita?
Hei tikanga tūnga tino tika, tino tika, tino haumaru, me te whānuitanga, ka taea e te tūnga UWB o roto te eke ki te tika o te mirimita, tae atu ki te maikiromita, engari i roto i te whakatinanatanga tuturu, kua roa e noho ana ki te taumata henimita, nā ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei e pā ana ki te tika tuturu o te tūnga UWB:
1. Te pānga o te aratau whakatakoto pūoko ki te tika o te tūnga
I roto i te tukanga whakaoti tika o te tūnga, ko te pikinga ake o te maha o ngā pūoko te tikanga o te pikinga ake o ngā mōhiohio tāpiripiri, ā, mā te nui o ngā mōhiohio tāpiripiri ka taea te whakaiti ake i te hapa tūnga. Heoi, kāore te tika o te tūnga e piki ake me ngā pūoko pai rawa atu, ā, ina piki ake te maha o ngā pūoko ki tētahi tau, kāore te takoha ki te tika o te tūnga e nui me te pikinga ake o ngā pūoko. Ā, ko te pikinga ake o te maha o ngā pūoko te tikanga o te pikinga ake o te utu o ngā taputapu. Nō reira, ko te rapu i te taurite i waenga i te maha o ngā pūoko me te tika o te tūnga, ā, nō reira ko te whakatinanatanga tika o ngā pūoko UWB te arotahi o te rangahau mō te pānga o te whakatinanatanga o te pūoko ki te tika o te tūnga.
2. Te awe o te pānga maha-ara
Ka whakaatahia, ka hurihia hoki ngā tohu tūnga whānui-rahi o te UWB e te taiao e karapoti ana pērā i ngā pakitara, te karāhe, me ngā mea o roto pērā i ngā papamahi i te wā o te tukanga horapa, ka hua ake he pānga ara maha. Ka huri te tohu i te whakaroa, te kaha, me te āhua, ka hua ake he whakaiti pūngao me te hekenga o te ōwehenga tohu-ki-haruru, ka hua ake ko te tohu tuatahi kāore i te tika, ka puta he hapa awhe me te hekenga o te tika o te tūnga. Nō reira, mā te pehi whai hua i te pānga ara maha ka taea te whakapai ake i te tika o te tūnga, ā, ko ngā tikanga o nāianei mō te pehi i te ara maha ko te nuinga o te MUSIC, ESPRIT, me ngā tikanga kimi taha.
3. Pānga o te NLOS
Ko te horapa o te rārangi tirohanga (LOS) te tuatahi, me te whakaritenga matua hei whakarite i te tika o ngā hua ine tohu, ina kore e taea te whakatutuki i ngā tikanga i waenga i te ūnga tūnga pūkoro me te teihana turanga, ka taea anake te whakaoti i te horapa o te tohu i raro i ngā tikanga kore-rārangi tirohanga pēnei i te whakaata me te whakawhitiwhiti. I tēnei wā, ko te wā o te pāoro tuatahi e tae mai ana kāore e tohu i te uara tūturu o TOA, ā, ko te ahunga o te pāoro tuatahi e tae mai ana ehara i te uara tūturu o AOA, ka puta he hapa tūnga. I tēnei wā, ko ngā tikanga matua hei whakakore i te hapa kore-rārangi tirohanga ko te tikanga Wylie me te tikanga whakakore hononga.
4. Te pānga o te tinana tangata ki te tika o te tūnga
Ko te wāhanga matua o te tinana tangata he wai, he kaha te pānga mimiti o te wai i runga i te tohu pāorooro ahokore UWB, ka hua ake te ngoikore o te kaha o te tohu, te rerekētanga o ngā mōhiohio, me te pā ki te pānga tūnga whakamutunga.
5. Pānga o te ngoikore o te urunga tohu
Ka ngoikore te urunga o te tohu mā roto i ngā pakitara me ētahi atu mea, kāore te UWB i te rerekē. Ina uru te tūnga UWB ki roto i tētahi pakitara pereki noa, ka ngoikore te tohu mā te haurua pea. Ka pāngia hoki te tika o te tūnga e ngā panonitanga o te wā tuku tohu nā te urunga o te pakitara.
Nā te tinana tangata, he uaua ki te karo i te urunga o te tohu i puta mai i te tika o te pānga, ka whakamahia e te NXP me te kamupene Tiamana LaterationXYZ ngā otinga tahora pūoko auaha hei whakarei ake i te hangarau UWB, kāore anō kia whakaatuhia he hua auaha, ka taea anake te tuku mai i te paetukutuku mana o ngā tuhinga hangarau o mua a NXP hei hanga i ngā whakapae e tika ana.
Mō te hihiri ki te whakapai ake i te tika o te UWB, ki taku whakaaro koinei te tuatahi o ngā mea katoa a NXP hei kaitākaro UWB matua o te ao ki te mahi tahi me ngā kaihanga o roto o nāianei o te auahatanga nui i roto i te āhuatanga pakaru me te tiaki hangarau. Heoi anō, kei te wā whanaketanga tonu te hangarau UWB o nāianei, ā, kāore anō kia pumau te utu, te tono, me te tauine e rite ana, i tēnei wā, kei te aro nui ake ngā kaihanga o roto ki te tere o te taunga me te horapa o ngā hua UWB, ki te hopu i te mākete, kāore he wā ki te aro ki te tika o te UWB hei whakapai ake i te auahatanga. Ko NXP, hei tētahi o ngā kaitākaro matua i te mara o te UWB, he pūnaha hua katoa me te maha o ngā tau o te parau hohonu o te kaha hangarau kua kohia, he pai ake te whakahaere i te auahatanga UWB.
Tuarua, i tēnei wā, e anga atu ana a NXP ki te UWB taumata-mirimita, e kite ana hoki i te pūmanawa mutunga kore o te whanaketanga o te UWB ā muri ake nei, ā, e whakapono ana ia mā te whakapai ake i te tika ka kawea mai he tono hou ki te mākete.
Ki taku whakaaro, ka haere tonu te pai o te UWB me te whakatairanga i te "hanganga hou" o te 5G, ā, ka whānui ake anō hoki ōna uara i roto i te tukanga whakahou ahumahi o te whakamanatanga atamai 5G.
I mua, i roto i te whatunga 2G/3G/4G, ko ngā āhuatanga tūnga waea pūkoro i aro nui ki ngā waeatanga ohorere, te urunga ki te wāhi ture, me ētahi atu tono, kāore i te teitei ngā whakaritenga tika o te tūnga, i runga i te tika o te tūnga o te Cell ID mai i ngā tekau mita ki ngā rau mita. Ahakoa e whakamahi ana a 5G i ngā tikanga waehere hou, te whakakotahitanga hihi, ngā rarangi pūihi nui, te whānuitanga ngaru mirimita, me ētahi atu hangarau, ko tōna whānui whānui me te hangarau rarangi pūihi, e whakarato ana i te pūtake mō te ine tawhiti tino tika me te ine koki tino tika. Nō reira, ko tētahi atu rauna o te tere UWB i te mara o te tika e tautokona ana e te papamuri o te wā e rite ana, te turanga hangarau, me ngā tirohanga tono e ranea ana, ā, ka taea te kī ko tēnei tere tika UWB he tahora-mua hei whakatutuki i te whakahoutanga o te matauranga mamati.
He aha ngā mākete ka whakatuwheratia e Millimetre UW?
I tēnei wā, ko te tohatoha mākete o te UWB e tohuhia ana e te marara o te pito-B me te kukū o te pito-C. I roto i te tono, he maha atu ngā whakamahinga o te pito-B, ā, he nui ake te wāhi auaha o te pito-C mō te keri mahi. Ki taku whakaaro, ko tēnei auahatanga e aro ana ki te mahi tūnga ka whakaū i ngā painga o te UWB i roto i te tūnga tika, e kore e kawe noa i ngā putanga mahi mō ngā tono o nāianei engari ka waihanga hoki i ngā whai wāhitanga mō te UWB ki te whakatuwhera i te wāhi tono hou.
I roto i te mākete pito-B, mō ngā pāka, ngā wheketere, ngā umanga, me ētahi atu āhuatanga, he tino mōhio te taiao ahokore o tōna rohe motuhake, ā, ka taea te whakamana i te tika o te tūnga, i te mea ka mau tonu te tono pumau mō te tirohanga tūnga tika o aua āhuatanga, ka noho hei taumata mirimita te UWB ka aro wawe ki te painga o te mākete.
I roto i te horopaki keri, me te whanaketanga o te hanganga maina atamai, ka taea e te otinga whakakotahitanga o te "5G+UWB positioning" te whakaoti i te positioning o te pūnaha keri atamai i roto i te wā poto rawa, te whakatutuki i te huinga tino pai o te positioning tika me te iti o te kai hiko, me te whakatutuki i ngā āhuatanga o te tino tika, te kaha nui me te wā tatari roa, me ētahi atu. I taua wā anō, i runga i te whakahaere haumaru o te maina, ka taea te whakamahi hei whakarite i te haumaru o te maina me te whakahaere haumaru o te maina. I taua wā anō, i runga i te tono nui mō te whakahaere haumaru o te maina, ka whakamahia hoki te UWB i roto i te whakahaere o ia rā o ngā kaimahi, me te ara waka. I tēnei wā, he tauine motuhake o ngā maina waro o te whenua tata ki te 4000 pea, ā, ko te tono toharite mō ia teihana turanga o te maina waro tata ki te 100 pea, mai i reira ka taea te whakatau tata ko te katoa o te tono mō te teihana turanga maina waro tata ki te 400,000, ko te maha o ngā kaimaina waro katoa tata ki te 4 miriona tāngata, e ai ki te 1 tangata 1 tapanga, ko te tono mō te UWB tata ki te 4 miriona pea. E ai ki te kaihoko mutunga o nāianei ki te hoko i te utu mākete kotahi, ko te uara putanga o te mākete waro i roto i te mākete taputapu "teihana turanga + tohu" a UWB he tata ki te 4 piriona.
I roto i ngā āhuatanga mōrearea rite tonu o te keri me te keri, pērā i te tango hinu, ngā tipu hiko, ngā tipu matū, me ētahi atu, he teitei ake ngā whakaritenga whakahaere haumaru mō te tika o te tūnga, ā, mā te whakarei ake i te tika o te tūnga o te UWB ki te taumata mirimita ka āwhina i te whakapūmau i ōna painga i roto i aua wāhanga.
I roto i ngā āhuatanga hanga ahumahi, whare putunga, me ngā mahi whakahaere rauemi, kua noho te UWB hei taputapu hei whakaiti i ngā utu me te whai hua. Ka taea e ngā kaimahi e whakamahi ana i ngā taputapu ringaringa me te hangarau UWB te kimi me te whakanoho i ngā wāhanga rerekē me te tika ake; mā te hanganga o tētahi pūnaha whakahaere e whakauru ana i te hangarau UWB ki te whakahaere whare putunga ka taea te aroturuki tika i ngā momo rauemi me ngā kaimahi katoa i roto i ngā whare putunga i te wā tūturu, me te whakatutuki i te whakahaere rawa, te whakahaere kaimahi, ā, i te wā kotahi ka tutuki hoki te huringa rauemi kore tangata me te kore hapa mā roto i ngā taputapu AGV, ka taea ai te whakanui ake i te whai huatanga o te whakaputanga.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka taea hoki e te peke mirimita o te UWB te whakatuwhera i ngā tono hou i roto i te mara o te kawe tereina. I tēnei wā, ko te pūnaha whakahaere kaha o te tereina e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tūnga amiorangi hei whakaoti, mō te taiao kauhanga raro whenua me ngā whare teitei o te tāone, ngā awaawa, me ētahi atu wāhi, he ngāwari te tūnga amiorangi ki te rahua. Ko te hangarau UWB i roto i te tūnga me te whakatere CBTC tereina, te pou ki te karo i te tukinga me te whakatūpato wawe tukinga, te aukati tika o te tereina, me ētahi atu, ka taea te whakarato tautoko hangarau pono ake mō te haumaru me te whakahaere i te kawe tereina. I tēnei wā, he maha ngā tono o tēnei momo tono i Uropi me te Hononga o Amerika.
I te mākete C-terminal, ka huakina e te whakapai ake i te tika o te UWB ki te taumata mirimita ngā āhuatanga tono hou ehara i te kī matihiko mō te tirohanga waka. Hei tauira, te waka valet aunoa, te utu aunoa, me ētahi atu. I taua wā anō, i runga i te hangarau matauranga horihori, ka taea hoki te "ako" i ngā tauira nekehanga me ngā tikanga a te kaiwhakamahi, me te whakapai ake i te mahi a te hangarau taraiwa aunoa.
I roto i te ao o ngā hikohiko kaihoko, ka noho pea te UWB hei hangarau paerewa mō ngā waea atamai i raro i te ngaru o te taunekeneke motuka-mīhini o ngā kī motuka mamati. Haunga te whakatuwhera i tētahi wāhi tono whānui mō te tūnga me te rapu hua, ka taea hoki e te whakapainga tika o te UWB te whakatuwhera i tētahi wāhi tono hou mō ngā horopaki taunekeneke taputapu. Hei tauira, ka taea e te whānuitanga tika o te UWB te whakahaere tika i te tawhiti i waenga i ngā taputapu, hei whakarerekē i te hanganga o te tirohanga mooni whakanuia, mō te kēmu, te oro, me te ataata kia pai ake ai te wheako rongo.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-04-2023