He aha te 5G LAN?

Kaituhi: Ulink Media

Me mōhio te katoa ki te 5G, koinei te whanaketanga o te 4G me tā tātou hangarau whakawhitiwhiti kōrero pūkoro hou.

Mō te LAN, me mōhio ake koe ki tēnei. Ko tōna ingoa katoa ko te whatunga rohe ā-rohe, ko te LAN rānei. Ko tā mātou whatunga kāinga, me te whatunga i roto i te tari umanga, he LAN te nuinga. Ki te Wi-Fi Ahokore, he LAN Ahokore (WLAN).

Nā te aha rā ahau i kī ai he mea whakamere te 5G LAN?

He whatunga pūkoro whānui te 5G, ko te LAN ia he whatunga raraunga iti te rohe. Te āhua nei kāore he hononga i waenganui i ngā hangarau e rua.

Ara, ko te 5G me te LAN he kupu e mōhiotia whānuitia ana. Engari, he ahua pōhēhē te hono tahi. Kāore?

5G LAN, he aha rawa te tikanga?

Ina hoki, ko te 5G LAN, ki te kī māmā noa iho, he whakamahi i te hangarau 5G hei "whakarōpū" me te "hanga" i ngā pito hei hanga i tētahi whatunga LAN.

He waea 5G tā te katoa. I a koe e whakamahi ana i ngā waea 5G, kua kite koe kāore e taea e tō waea te rapu i ō hoa ahakoa kei te tata rātou (ahakoa he kanohi ki te kanohi)? Ka taea e kōrua te kōrero tetahi ki tetahi nā te mea ka rere ngā raraunga ki ngā tūmau o tō kaikawe, o tō kaiwhakarato ratonga Ipurangi rānei.

Mō ngā teihana turanga, ka "motuhake" ngā taunga pūkoro katoa tetahi i tetahi. Ko tēnei e hangai ana ki ngā whakaaro haumarutanga, ka whakamahia e ngā waea ā rātou ake hongere, kāore e pokanoa tetahi ki tetahi.

I tētahi atu taha, ka hono te LAN i ngā pūwhakawhiti (waea pūkoro, rorohiko, me ētahi atu) i roto i tētahi wāhi hei hanga i tētahi "rōpū". Ehara i te mea ka āwhina noa i te tuku raraunga i waenga i a rātou anō, engari ka whakaora hoki i te putanga mai i waho o te whatunga.

I roto i te LAN, ka taea e ngā pūrua te kimi tetahi i tetahi i runga i ō rātou wāhitau MAC me te kimi tetahi i tetahi (whakawhitiwhitinga Papa 2). Hei uru atu ki te whatunga o waho, mā te whakatū i tētahi pouara, mā te tauwāhi IP, ka taea hoki te whakatutuki i te ara ki roto, ki waho (whakawhitiwhitinga Papa 3).

E mōhio ana tātou katoa, "Ka hurihia e te 4G ō tātou oranga, ā, ka hurihia e te 5G tō tātou hapori". Hei hangarau whakawhitiwhiti waea pūkoro rongonui i tēnei wā, ka pikaua e te 5G te kaupapa o "te Ipurangi o ngā mea katoa me te huringa mamati o ngā rau raina me ngā mano o ngā ahumahi", e hiahia ana ki te āwhina i ngā kaiwhakamahi i roto i ngā ahumahi poutū kia hono atu.

Nō reira, kāore e taea e te 5G te hono noa i ngā taunga katoa ki te kapua, engari ka taea hoki te whakatutuki i te "hononga tata" i waenga i ngā taunga.

Nō reira, i roto i te paerewa 3GPP R16, i whakaurua mai e te 5G LAN tēnei āhuatanga hou.

Ngā Mātāpono me ngā Āhuatanga o te 5G LAN

I roto i te Whatunga 5G, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakarerekē i ngā raraunga i roto i te pātengi raraunga kaiwhakamahi (ngā huānga whatunga UDM), te haina i tētahi kirimana ratonga me tētahi tau UE kua tohua, kātahi ka wehewehea kia rite, kia rerekē rānei ngā rōpū whatunga Mariko (VN).

Ka whakaratohia e te pātengi raraunga kaiwhakamahi ngā mōhiohio mō te rōpū VN tau matihiko me ngā kaupapa here urunga ki ngā huānga whatunga whakahaere (SMF, AMF, PCF, me ētahi atu) o te whatunga matua 5G (5GC). Ka whakakotahihia e te NE whakahaere ēnei mōhiohio me ngā ture kaupapa here ki ngā LAN rerekē. He LAN 5G tēnei.

Ka tautoko te LAN 5G i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero Papa 2 (te wāhanga whatunga kotahi, te urunga tika tetahi ki tetahi) me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero Papa 3 (puta noa i ngā wāhanga whatunga, me te āwhina o te ara). Ka tautoko te LAN 5G i te unicast me te multicast me te pāho. I roto i te poto, he tino ngāwari te aratau urunga tahi, ā, he tino māmā te whatunga.

Mō te whānuitanga, ka tautokona e te LAN 5G te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i te UPF kotahi (te wāhanga whatunga taha pāpāho o te whatunga matua 5G) me ngā UPF rerekē. He rite tonu tēnei ki te takahi i te rohe tawhiti ā-tinana i waenga i ngā taunga (tae atu ki a Beijing me Shanghai ka taea te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero).

Ina koa, ka taea e ngā whatunga LAN 5G te hono atu ki ngā whatunga raraunga o nāianei a ngā kaiwhakamahi mō te mono-ā-ringa me te urunga tahi.

Ngā horopaki tono me ngā painga o te 5G LAN

Mā te 5G LAN ka taea te whakarōpū me te hononga i waenga i ngā pūrua 5G kua tohua, ka āwhina i te hanganga o tētahi whatunga LAN pūkoro mō ngā umanga. He maha ngā kaipānui e pātai ana, kāore ianei e taea te nekenekehanga me te hangarau Wi-Fi o nāianei? He aha te take e hiahiatia ai he 5G LAN?

Kaua e manukanuka, me haere tonu tātou.

Mā te whatunga ā-rohe e whakahohea ana e te 5G LAN ka taea te āwhina i ngā umanga, ngā kura, ngā kāwanatanga, me ngā whānau kia pai ake te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki ngā teihana i roto i te rohe. Ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te whatunga tari, engari ko tōna uara nui kei roto i te whakarerekētanga o te taiao whakaputa o te pāka me te whakarerekētanga o te whatunga taketake o ngā umanga whakaputa pēnei i te hanga ahumahi, ngā teihana tauranga me ngā maina pūngao.

Kei te whakatairanga mātou i te Ipurangi ā-ahumahi. E whakapono ana mātou ka taea e te 5G te whakahohe i te mamati o ngā wāhi ā-ahumahi nā te mea he hangarau whakawhitiwhiti ahokore pai rawa atu te 5G, he whānui te whānui o te hononga, he iti hoki te whakaroa, ka taea ai te whakatutuki i te hononga ahokore o ngā momo āhuatanga whakaputa i roto i ngā wāhi ā-ahumahi.

Hei tauira, tirohia te hanga ahumahi. I mua, kia pai ake ai te aunoatanga, kia tutuki ai te whakahaere taputapu, i whakamahia te hangarau "pahi ahumahi". He maha ngā momo o tēnei hangarau, ka taea te kī he "wāhi katoa".

Nō muri mai, i te putanga mai o te hangarau Ethernet me te IP, ka whakaaetia te umanga, ā, i te whanaketanga o te Ethernet, ka puta ko te "Ethernet ahumahi". I ēnei rā, ahakoa ko wai te kawa hononga ahumahi, ko te nuinga he Ethernet.

Nō muri mai, ka kitea e ngā kamupene ahumahi he nui rawa te whakawhāititanga o te nekenekehanga nā ngā hononga waea — he "whiri" tonu kei muri o te taputapu hei aukati i te nekenekehanga noa.

Heoi anō, he uaua ake te whakamahi i te hononga waea, he roa te wā hanga, he nui hoki te utu. Mēnā he raruraru kei te taputapu, kei te taura rānei, he tino puhoi hoki te whakakapinga. Nō reira, ka tīmata te umanga ki te whakaaro ki te whakauru i te hangarau whakawhitiwhiti ahokore.

Nā reira, kua uru mai te Wi-Fi, te Nihokikorangi me ētahi atu hangarau ki te ao ahumahi.

Nō reira, kia hoki atu ki te pātai o mua, he aha te take o te 5G LAN ina he Wi-Fi?

Anei te take:

1. Kāore te mahi a ngā whatunga Wi-Fi (ina koa ko te Wi-Fi 4 me te Wi-Fi 5) i te rite te pai ki te 5G.

Mō te tere tuku me te whakaroa, ka taea e te 5G te whakatutuki pai ake i ngā hiahia o ngā karetao ahumahi (te whakahaere i ngā taputapu whakahaere), te tirotiro kounga atamai (te mōhio ki ngā whakaahua tere-teitei), te AGV (waka kawe kore tangata) me ētahi atu āhuatanga.

Mō te whānuitanga o te kapinga, he nui ake te horahanga o te 5G i te Wi-Fi, ā, ka taea e ia te kapi pai ake i te puni. He kaha ake hoki te kaha o te 5G ki te whakawhiti i waenga i ngā pūtau i te Wi-Fi, ā, ka pai ake te wheako whatunga mō ngā kaiwhakamahi.

2. He nui ngā utu tiaki whatunga Wi-Fi.

Hei hanga i tētahi whatunga Wi-Fi i roto i tētahi pāka, me waea ngā umanga me te hoko i ā rātou ake taputapu. Ka heke te uara o ngā taputapu, ka pakaru, ka whakakapia, engari ka tiakina hoki e ngā kaimahi motuhake. He tini ngā taputapu Wi-Fi, ā, he uaua te whirihoranga.

He rerekē te 5G. Ka hangaia, ka tiakina hoki e ngā kaiwhakahaere, ā, ka riihitia e ngā umanga (he rite te Wi-Fi ki te hanga i tō ake rūma ki te rorohiko kapua).

Ki te huihuia, ka nui ake te whai hua o te 5G.

3. He kaha ake ngā mahi a te 5G LAN.

I kōrerotia i mua ake nei te whakarōpūtanga VN o tētahi LAN 5G. Haunga te wehewehe i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ko tētahi atu mahi nui o te whakarōpūtanga ko te whakatutuki i te rerekētanga QoS (taumata ratonga) o ngā whatunga rerekē.

Hei tauira, he whatunga tari, he whatunga pūnaha hangarau mōhiohio, me he whatunga ratonga rorohiko tō tētahi hinonga.

Ko te OT he whakarāpopototanga mō te Hangarau Whakahaere. He whatunga e hono ana i te taiao ahumahi me ngā taputapu, pērā i ngā mīhini huri, ngā ringa karetao, ngā pūoko, ngā taputapu hiko, ngā AGV, ngā pūnaha aroturuki, ngā MES, ngā PLCS, me ētahi atu.

He rerekē ngā whakaritenga mahi a ngā whatunga rerekē. Ko ētahi e hiahia ana ki te whakaroa iti, ko ētahi e hiahia ana ki te whānui o te hononga, ā, ko ētahi he iti ake ngā whakaritenga.

Ka taea e te LAN 5G te tautuhi i ngā mahi whatunga rerekē i runga i ngā rōpū VN rerekē. I ētahi umanga, ka kiia ko te "micro slice".

4. He māmā ake te whakahaere i te 5G LAN, ā, he haumaru ake hoki.

E ai ki te kōrero i runga ake nei, ka taea te whakarerekē i ngā raraunga hainatanga kaiwhakamahi i roto i ngā hononga 5G UDM o ngā kaikawe hei whakarōpū i ngā kaiwhakamahi ki ngā rōpū VN. Nō reira, me haere rānei tātou ki te ratonga kiritaki a te kaikawe i ia wā e hiahia ana tātou ki te whakarerekē i ngā mōhiohio rōpū o te taunga (uru atu, muku, whakarerekē)?

Kāore rawa.

I roto i ngā whatunga 5G, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakatuwhera i te whakaaetanga whakarerekētanga ki ngā kaiwhakahaere whatunga hinonga mā te whakawhanake i ngā atanga, kia taea ai te whakarerekētanga ratonga-whaiaro.

Heoi anō, ka taea hoki e ngā umanga te whakatakoto i ā rātou ake kaupapa here whatunga tūmataiti kia rite ki ō rātou ake hiahia.

Ina whakatū hononga raraunga, ka taea e ngā umanga te whakatakoto i ngā tikanga whakamanatanga me te manatoko hei whakahaere tika i ngā rōpū VN. He kaha ake, he watea ake hoki tēnei haumarutanga i te Wi-Fi.

He rangahau take mō tētahi LAN 5G

Me titiro tātou ki ngā painga o te 5G LAN mā roto i tētahi tauira whatunga motuhake.

Tuatahi, he awheawhe, he raina whakaputa (he mīhini huri rānei) tō te umanga hanga, me hono te PLC me te pito whakahaere PLC mā te whatunga.

He nui ngā taputapu o ia raina huihuinga, ā, he motuhake anō hoki. He mea tino pai te tāuta i ngā waeine 5G ki runga i ia taputapu o te raina huihuinga. Heoi, te āhua nei he utu nui i tēnei wā.

Kātahi, mā te whakaurunga o te kuwaha ahumahi 5G, 5G CPE rānei, ka taea te whakapai ake i te mahi utu. He pai mō te waea, te hono ki te tauranga waea (tauranga Ethernet, tauranga PLC rānei). He pai mō te ahokore, te hono ki te 5G, ki te Wi-Fi rānei.

Mena kāore te 5G e tautoko i te 5G LAN (i mua i te R16), ka taea hoki te whakatinana i te hononga i waenga i te PLC me te kaiwhakahaere PLC. Heoi, ko te whatunga 5G katoa he kawa Papa 3 e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wāhitau IP, ā, ko te wāhitau pūrua he wāhitau IP anō hoki, kāore e tautoko i te tuku raraunga Papa 2. Hei whakatinana i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero pito-ki-pito, me tāpiri he AR (Access Router) ki ngā taha e rua hei whakatū i tētahi kauhanga, hei whakakī i te kawa Papa 2 ahumahi i roto i te kauhanga, ā, hei kawe ki te pito hoa.

Ehara i te mea ka whakapiki ake tēnei tikanga i te uauatanga anake, engari ka whakapiki ake hoki i te utu (te utu hoko pouara AR, te kaimahi whirihoranga pouara AR me te utu wā). Ki te whakaarohia he awheawhe me ngā mano tini o ngā raina, he nui rawa te utu.

Whai muri i te whakaurunga o te 5G LAN, ka tautoko te whatunga 5G i te tuku tika o te kawa Papa 2, nō reira kāore e hiahiatia ngā pouara AR. I taua wā anō, ka taea e te whatunga 5G te whakarato huarahi mō ngā taunga kāore he wāhitau IP, ā, ka taea e te UPF te mohio ki ngā wāhitau MAC o ngā taunga. Ka huri te whatunga katoa hei whatunga papa kotahi iti, ka taea te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tetahi ki tetahi i te papa 2.

Mā te āheinga mono-ā-ringa o te 5G LAN ka taea te whakauru pai ki ngā whatunga o nāianei a ngā kiritaki, ka whakaiti i te pānga ki ngā whatunga o nāianei a ngā kiritaki, ā, ka penapena i te nui o ngā utu me te kore e nui te whakahou me te whakapai ake.

Mai i te tirohanga whānui, he mahi tahi te 5G LAN i waenga i te 5G me te hangarau Ethernet. I ngā rā kei te heke mai, kāore e taea te wehewehe i te whanaketanga o te hangarau TSN (whatunga wā-aro) e hangai ana ki te hangarau Ethernet mai i te āwhina o te 5G LAN.

He mea tika kia whakahuatia, haunga te whai huatanga o te 5G LAN mō te hanganga o te whatunga ā-roto o te pāka, ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei tāpiri atu ki te whatunga raina motuhake tuku iho a ngā umanga hei hono i ngā peka i ngā wāhi rerekē.

Te kōwae mō te 5G LAN

E kite ana koe, he hangarau auaha nui te 5G LAN mō te 5G i roto i ngā ahumahi poutū. Ka taea e ia te hanga i ngā whakawhitiwhitinga whatunga tūmataiti 5G kaha ake hei āwhina i ngā kiritaki ki te whakatere i tā rātou panonitanga mamati me te whakapai ake.

Hei whakapai ake i te whakatinanatanga o te 5G LAN, me tautoko hoki i te waeine 5G me ngā whakahoutanga taha whatunga.

I te tukanga o te taunga arumoni o te hangarau 5G LAN, i whakarewahia e Unigroup Zhangrui te tūāpapa maramara turanga 5G R16 Ready tuatahi o te umanga — V516.

I runga i tēnei tūāpapa, kua angitu a Quectel, te kaihanga matua o ngā waeine i Haina, ki te whakawhanake i ētahi waeine 5G e tautoko ana i te hangarau 5G LAN, ā, kua hokohokohia, tae atu ki a RG500U, RG200U, RM500U me ētahi atu waeine mōkihi LGA, M.2, Mini PCIe.