(Tuhipoka a te Etita: I whakamāoritia tēnei tuhinga mai i ulinkmedia.)
Kua horapa noa ngā pūoko. I mua noa atu i te Ipurangi, ā, i mua rawa atu i te Ipurangi o ngā Mea (IoT) i noho ai rātou. He maha atu ngā whakamahinga o ngā pūoko atamai hou i mua, kei te huri haere te mākete, ā, he maha ngā mea hei akiaki i te tipu.
Ko ngā motuka, ngā kāmera, ngā waea atamai, me ngā mīhini wheketere e tautoko ana i te Ipurangi o ngā Mea, he torutoru noa iho ēnei o ngā tini tono mākete mō ngā pūoko.
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Ngā Pūoko i te Ao Tūroa o te Ipurangi
I te taenga mai o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea, te mamati o te hanga (e kiia ana e mātou ko te Ahumahi 4.0), me ā mātou mahi tonu mō te panonitanga mamati i roto i ngā rāngai katoa o te ōhanga me te hapori, kei te whakamahia ngā pūoko atamai i roto i ngā ahumahi maha, ā, kei te tere haere te tipu o te mākete pūoko.
Ina hoki, i ētahi wā, ko ngā pūoko atamai te "tūturu" o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea. I tēnei wā o te whakatinanatanga o te iot, he maha tonu ngā tāngata e whakamārama ana i te iot mā roto i ngā kupu mō ngā taputapu iot. E tirohia ana te Ipurangi o ngā Mea hei whatunga o ngā taputapu hono, tae atu ki ngā pūoko atamai. Ka taea hoki te kī ko ēnei taputapu he taputapu pūoko.
Nō reira, kei roto i ēnei ko ētahi atu hangarau pērā i ngā pūoko me ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e taea ai te ine i ngā mea me te huri i ngā mea e inehia ana hei raraunga ka taea te whakamahi i ngā huarahi rerekē. Ko te kaupapa me te horopaki o te tono (hei tauira, ko tēhea hangarau hononga e whakamahia ana) e whakatau ana ko ēhea pūoko e whakamahia ana.
Ngā Pūoko me ngā Pūoko Atamai – He aha te mea kei roto i te ingoa?
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Ngā Whakamāramatanga o ngā Pūoko me ngā Pūoko Atamai
Ko ngā pūoko me ētahi atu taputapu IoT te paparanga tūāpapa o te puranga hangarau IoT. Ka hopukina e rātou ngā raraunga e hiahiatia ana e ā tātou tono, ā, ka tukuna atu ki ngā pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero teitei ake. E ai ki tā mātou whakamārama i roto i tā mātou kupu whakataki ki te hangarau iot, ka taea e te "kaupapa" iot te whakamahi i ngā pūoko maha. Ko te momo me te maha o ngā pūoko e whakamahia ana ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā whakaritenga o te kaupapa me te mātauranga o te kaupapa. Hei tauira, he waka hinu atamai: ka taea e ia te whai tekau mano o ngā pūoko.
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Te Whakamāramatanga o ngā Pūoko
He kaitahuri ngā pūoko, pērā i ngā mea e kiia nei ko ngā actuators. Ka hurihia e ngā pūoko te pūngao mai i tētahi āhua ki tētahi atu. Mō ngā pūoko atamai, ko te tikanga ka taea e ngā pūoko te "rongo" i ngā āhuatanga i roto, i te taha hoki o ngā taputapu e hono ana rātou me ngā mea ā-tinana e whakamahia ana e rātou (ngā āhua me ngā taiao).
Ka taea e ngā pūoko te kite me te ine i ēnei tawhā, ngā kaupapa, ngā huringa rānei, ka tuku atu ki ngā pūnaha taumata teitei ake me ētahi atu taputapu ka taea te whakamahi i ngā raraunga hei whakahaere, hei tātari, me ērā atu mea.
He taputapu te pūoko e kitea ai, e ine ai, e tohu ai rānei i tētahi rahinga ā-tinana motuhake (pēnei i te māramatanga, te wera, te nekehanga, te makuku, te pēhanga, tētahi atu mea rite rānei) mā te huri i aua mea ki tētahi atu āhua (ko ngā pāoro hiko te nuinga) (mai i: United Market Research Institute).
Ko ngā tawhā me ngā kaupapa ka taea e ngā pūoko te "rongo" me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ko ngā rahinga ā-tinana pēnei i te mārama, te oro, te pēhanga, te pāmahana, te wiri, te haumākū, te noho o tētahi hanganga matū, hau rānei, te nekehanga, te noho o ngā matūriki puehu, me ētahi atu.
He mea nui ngā pūoko o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea, ā, me tino tika hoki nā te mea ko ngā pūoko te wāhi tuatahi ki te tiki raraunga.
Ina rongo te pūoko i ngā kōrero, ā, ka tukuna atu, ka whakahohehia te kaiwhakaoho, ā, ka mahi. Ka whiwhi te kaiwhakaoho i te tohu, ka whakatakoto i te nekehanga e hiahiatia ana hei mahi i roto i te taiao. Mā te ahua i raro nei ka māmā ake te kitea, ā, ka whakaatu i ētahi o ngā mea ka taea e tātou te "rongo". He rerekē ngā pūoko IoT nā te mea he rite ki ngā kōwae pūoko, ki ngā papa whanaketanga rānei (he mea hanga mō ngā whakamahinga me ngā tono motuhake) me ērā atu mea.
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Te Whakamāramatanga o te Pūoko Atamai
Kua whakamahia te kupu "atamai" me ētahi atu kupu maha i mua i te whakamahinga ki te Ipurangi o ngā Mea. Ngā whare atamai, te whakahaere para atamai, ngā kāinga atamai, ngā pūangi rama atamai, ngā tāone atamai, ngā rama tiriti atamai, ngā tari atamai, ngā wheketere atamai me ērā atu. Ā, ko te tikanga, ngā pūoko atamai.
He rerekē ngā pūoko atamai i ngā pūoko nā te mea he tūāpapa matatau ngā pūoko atamai me ngā hangarau kei roto i te pūnaha pēnei i ngā tukatuka iti, te rokiroki, te tātaritanga me ngā taputapu hononga e huri ana i ngā tohu urupare tuku iho ki ngā māramatanga matihiko pono (Deloitte)
I te tau 2009, i rangahauhia e te International Frequency Sensors Association (IFSA) ētahi tāngata mai i te ao mātauranga me te ahumahi hei tautuhi i tētahi pūoko atamai. Whai muri i te nekehanga ki ngā tohu mamati i te tekau tau atu i 1980 me te tāpiritanga o te tini o ngā hangarau hou i te tekau tau atu i 1990, ko te nuinga o ngā pūoko he pūoko atamai.
I te tekau tau atu i 1990 ka puta te ariā o te "rorohiko whānui", e kiia ana he mea nui i roto i te whanaketanga o te Ipurangi o ngā Mea, inā koa i te whanaketanga o te rorohiko whakauru. I waenganui o te tekau tau atu i 1990, ka tipu haere tonu te whanaketanga me te whakamahinga o ngā hiko matihiko me ngā hangarau ahokore i roto i ngā kōwae pūoko, ā, ka nui haere te hiranga o te tuku raraunga i runga i te pūtake o te rongo me ērā atu mea. I ēnei rā, e kitea ana tēnei i roto i te Ipurangi o ngā Mea. Inaa, i kōrero ētahi mō ngā whatunga pūoko i mua i te noho mai o te kupu Ipurangi o ngā Mea. Nō reira, e kite ana koe, he maha ngā mea kua tupu i roto i te ao pūoko atamai i te tau 2009.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi-04-2021