Mai i te wera o te mākete IoT, kua tīmata te rere mai o ngā kaihoko pūmanawa me ngā taputapu mai i ngā momo āhua katoa o te ao, ā, i muri i te whakamāramatanga o te āhua wehewehe o te mākete, kua noho whānuitia ngā hua me ngā otinga e hāngai ana ki ngā āhuatanga tono. Ā, kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia o ngā kiritaki i te wā kotahi, ka taea e ngā kaihanga e tika ana te whakahaere me te whiwhi moni nui ake, kua noho te hangarau rangahau-whaiaro hei ia o ngā mahi nui, inā koa ko te hangarau whakawhitiwhiti kōrero kore-pūkoro, i te taenga mai o te mākete he rau ngā āhuatanga e tupu pai ana.
Mō ngā hangarau whakawhitiwhiti ahokore iti, kei reira a Nihokikorangi, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Z-Wave, Thread me ētahi atu; mō ngā whatunga rohe whānui iti-mana (LPWAN), kei reira anō hoki a Sigfox, LoRa, ZETA, WIoTa, Turmass me ētahi atu hangarau motuhake.
Muri iho, ka whakarāpopototia e tēnei pepa te āhua whanaketanga o ētahi o ngā hangarau o runga ake nei, ā, ka tātarihia ia hangarau i roto i ngā āhuatanga e toru: te auahatanga tono, te whakamahere mākete, me ngā huringa mekameka ahumahi hei matapaki i te āhua o nāianei me ngā au o te mākete whakawhitiwhiti kōrero IoT ā muri ake nei.
Whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ahokore iti: Te whakawhānui i te tirohanga, te hononga hangarau
I ēnei rā, kei te haere tonu te mahi a ia hangarau whakawhitiwhiti ahokore iti, ā, ko ngā panonitanga o te mahi, te mahi me ngā āhuatanga urutau o ia hangarau he whakakitenga mō te ahunga o te mākete. I tēnei wā, kei te kitea te hangarau To C To B i roto i te tūhuratanga o te tirohanga, ā, i roto i te hononga hangarau, hei tāpiri atu ki te taunga o te kawa Matter, he ahunga whakamua anō hoki kei te hononga whakawhiti-hangarau.
Nihokikorangi
· Kua Tukuna te Nihokikorangi 5.4 - Whakanuia te Taupānga Tapanga Utu Hiko
E ai ki te Bluetooth Core Specification Putanga 5.4, ka whakamahia e te ESL (Electronic Price Label) tētahi kaupapa wāhitau taputapu (rua) kei roto ko tētahi ESL ID mati-8 me tētahi rōpū ID mati-7. Ā, he ahurei te ESL ID i waenga i ngā rōpū rerekē. Nō reira, ka taea e te whatunga taputapu ESL te whakauru ki te 128 ngā rōpū, kei roto i ia rōpū tae atu ki te 255 ngā taputapu ESL ahurei e noho ana i roto. I roto i ngā kupu ngāwari, i roto i tētahi tono tohu utu hiko, ki te whakamahia he whatunga Bluetooth 5.4, tera pea e 32,640 ngā taputapu ESL katoa i roto i tētahi whatunga, ka taea te whakahaere i ia tohu mai i tētahi pūwāhi urunga kotahi.
Ipurangi Ahokore
· Te whakawhānui i te tirohanga ki ngā raka tatau atamai, me ētahi atu.
Haunga ngā taputapu mau me ngā kaikorero atamai, kua honoa ngā hua kāinga atamai pēnei i ngā pere tatau, ngā whakamahana wera, ngā karaka whakaoho, ngā mīhini kawhe me ngā pūangi rama ki ngā whatunga Wi-Fi. Hei tāpiri, e tūmanakohia ana hoki ka uru atu ngā raka atamai ki ngā whatunga Wi-Fi mō ētahi atu ratonga. Kei te whakaitihia e Wi-Fi 6 tana whakamahinga hiko me te whakanui ake i te rere o ngā raraunga mā te whakapai ake i te pai o te whatunga me te whakanui ake i te whānui o te whatunga.
· Kei te whakakaha te tūnga Wi-Fi
I te mea kua eke te tika o te taunga Wi-Fi ki te 1-2m, ā, kei te whakawhanakehia ngā paerewa o te whakatupuranga tuatoru me te tuawhā i runga i ngā ratonga taunga Wi-Fi, ka taea e ngā hangarau LBS hou te whakapai ake i te tika ki te mahi ki te whānuitanga o ngā kaihoko, ngā ahumahi, ngā hinonga, me ētahi atu. E ai ki a Dorothy Stanley, he kaihoahoa paerewa i Aruba Networks me te heamana o te Rōpū Mahi IEEE 802.11, mā ngā hangarau LBS hou me ngā hangarau kua whakapaitia ka taea te neke i te taunga Wi-Fi ki roto i te 0.1m. Mā ngā hangarau LBS hou me ngā hangarau kua whakapaitia ka taea te whakanoho i te Wi-Fi ki roto i te 0.1m, e ai ki a Dorothy Stanley, he kaihoahoa paerewa i Aruba Networks me te heamana o te Rōpū Mahi IEEE 802.11.
Zigbee
· Tukunga o Zigbee Direct, he hononga Nihokikorangi whakauru ki ngā waea pūkoro
Mō ngā kaihoko, ka whakaratohia e Zigbee Direct tētahi momo taunekeneke hou mā te whakaurunga Bluetooth, e āhei ai ngā taputapu Bluetooth ki te uru atu ki ngā taputapu i roto i te whatunga Zigbee me te kore e whakamahi i te kapua, i te pokapū rānei. I tēnei horopaki, ka taea e te whatunga i roto i te Zigbee te hono tika ki te waea mā te hangarau Bluetooth, e āhei ai te waea ki te whakahaere i ngā taputapu i roto i te whatunga Zigbee.
· Ko te tukunga o Zigbee PRO 2023 ka whakarei ake i te haumarutanga o te taputapu
Ka whakawhānui ake a Zigbee PRO 2023 i tana hoahoa haumarutanga hei whakataurite i te mahi pokapū-pū mā te "mahi tahi me ngā pokapū katoa", he āhuatanga e whakapai ake ana i ngā whatunga pakari pokapū-pū mā te āwhina i ngā taputapu ki te tautuhi i te pūnga matua tino tika hei hono atu me te hono anō ki te whatunga. Hei tāpiri, ko te tāpiri o te tautoko mō ngā auau sub-gigahertz o Ūropi (800 Mhz) me Amerika Te Raki (900 MHZ) ka whakarato i te kaha tohu me te whānuitanga teitei ake hei tautoko i ngā whakamahinga maha atu.
Mā roto i ngā kōrero o runga ake nei, ehara i te mea uaua ki te whakatau i ngā whakatau e rua, ko te tuatahi ko te ahunga o te hangarau whakawhitiwhiti kōrero kei te huri haere mai i te whakapai ake i te mahi ki te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā horopaki tono me te whakarato hua hou mō ngā hoa mekameka ahumahi; ko te tuarua ko te mea hei tāpiri atu ki te kawa Matter i roto i ngā "arai" hononga, kei roto hoki ngā hangarau i te hononga-rua me te mahi tahi.
He pono, ko te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ahokore iti hei whatunga rohe he wāhanga noa iho o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero IoT, ā, ki taku whakaaro he nui te aro ki te hangarau LPWAN rongonui tonu.
LPWAN
· Te whakapai ake i te mekameka mahi ahumahi, te wāhi mākete whānui ki tāwāhi
Mai i ngā tau tōmua i puta tuatahi ai te hangarau mō te tono me te rongonui, tae noa ki te whai i te auahatanga tono i ēnei rā hei kawe i ngā mākete maha atu, kei te haere te ahunga o te whakahoutanga hangarau ki tētahi panonitanga whakamiharo. E mārama ana, haunga ngā hangarau whakawhitiwhiti ahokore iti, he maha ngā mea kua tupu i roto i te mākete LPWAN i ngā tau tata nei.
LoRa
· Ka hokona e Semtech a Sierra Wireless
Ka whakauruhia e Semtech, te kaihanga o te hangarau LoRa, te hangarau whakarerekētanga ahokore LoRa ki roto i ngā kōwae pūkoro a Sierra Wireless me te hoko mai i a Sierra Wireless, he kamupene e arotahi ana ki ngā kōwae whakawhitiwhiti pūkoro, ā, mā te whakakotahi i ngā hua o ngā kamupene e rua, ka taea e ngā kiritaki te uru atu ki tētahi tūāpapa kapua IoT ka whakahaere i ngā mahi maha tae atu ki te whakahaere taputapu ka taea e ngā kiritaki te uru atu ki tētahi tūāpapa kapua IoT ka whakahaere i ngā mahi maha tae atu ki te whakahaere taputapu, te whakahaere whatunga me te haumarutanga.
· 6 miriona ngā kuwaha, 300 miriona ngā pona mutunga
He mea tika kia whakahuatia kei te whanake haere a LoRa i ngā huarahi rerekē i te kāinga me tāwāhi i runga i ngā whakaritenga rerekē i ia whenua, me Haina e anga atu ana ki te "whatunga rohe" me ngā whenua o tāwāhi e haere tonu ana ki te hanga WAN nui. E mārama ana ko te tūāpapa Helium o tāwāhi (Helium) e whakarato ana i te tautoko nui mō te kapinga kuwaha LoRa i runga i te tikanga utu me te whakamahinga rawa mamati. Ko ōna kaiwhakahaere i Amerika Te Raki ko Actility, Senet, X-TELIA, me ētahi atu.
Sigfox
· Te Huinga me te Mahi Tahi o ngā Hangarau Maha
Mai i te hokonga mai o Sigfox e te kamupene IoT o Hīngapō, a UnaBiz, i te tau kua hipa, kua urutau te kamupene tuatahi ki ngā mahi a te kamupene tuarua, inā koa mō te whakakotahitanga hangarau, ā, kei te whakakotahi a Sigfox i ētahi atu hangarau LPWA me ngā hangarau whakawhitiwhiti ahokore iti mō āna ratonga. Nō nā tata nei, kua āwhina a UnaBiz i te mahi tahi a Sigfox me LoRa.
· Te Huringa Tauira Pakihi
I whakatū anō a UnaBiz i te rautaki pakihi a Sigfox me tana tauira pakihi. I mua, ko te rautaki a Sigfox ki te whakatau ki te whakawhanake i tētahi kaha ā-ao hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia maha, me te noho hei kaiwhakahaere anō, i whakamātao i te maha o ngā kamupene i roto i te mekameka ahumahi nā tōna mana whakahaere pakari i runga i te pūnaha hangarau, me te tono i ngā hoa mahi i runga i te whatunga Sigfox kia tohatoha i tētahi nui o ngā moni whiwhi ratonga, me ētahi atu. Ā, i tēnei rā, hei utu mō te arotahi ki ngā mahi whatunga anake, kei te arotahi a UnaBiz ki ngā ahumahi matua hei whakarato ratonga, me te whakarerekē i te rautaki whakahaere mō ngā kaipupuri moni matua (ngā hoa mahi, ngā kiritaki me ngā kaiwhakahaere Sigfox) me te whakaiti nui i ngā mate a Sigfox mā te 2/3 i te mutunga o te tau 2022 ki te whakataurite ki te mutunga o te tau 2021.
ZETA
· Te rauropi tuwhera, te whanaketanga o te mahi tahi mekameka ahumahi
He rerekē ki a LoRa, e 95% o ngā maramara e hangaia ana e Semtech tonu, he nui ake ngā kaiuru o te umanga maramara me te kōwae a ZETA, tae atu ki a STMicroelectronics (ST), Silicon Labs, me Socionext i tāwāhi, me ngā kaihanga haurua-ā-rohe pērā i a Quanxin Micro, Huapu Micro, me Zhipu Micro. Hei tāpiri, ka mahi tahi a ZETA me socionext, Huapu Micro, Zhipu Micro, DaYu Semiconductor me ētahi atu kaihanga maramara, kāore i te herea ki te tono o ngā kōwae ZETA, ka taea te raihana IP ki ngā kaihanga tono rerekē i roto i te umanga, ka hanga he taiao tuwhera ake.
· Te whakawhanaketanga o te tūāpapa ZETA PaaS
Mā te tūāpapa ZETA PaaS, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakawhanake te waihanga i ngā otinga mō ngā āhuatanga maha atu; ka taea e ngā kaiwhakarato hangarau te mahi tahi me te IoT PaaS ki te toro atu ki te whānuitanga o ngā kiritaki; ka taea e ngā kaihanga te hono atu ki te mākete me te whakaiti i te utu katoa. Hei tāpiri, mā te tūāpapa PaaS, ka taea e ia taputapu ZETA te pakaru i ngā here o te kāwai me ngā āhuatanga hei hono atu ki a rātou anō, kia tūhuratia ai te uara tono raraunga.
Mā te whanaketanga o te hangarau LPWAN, inā koa te pirau me te "aranga ake" o Sigfox, ka kitea, kia nui ake ai ngā hononga, me whai hoa mekameka ahumahi te hangarau whakawhitiwhiti kōrero IoT ki te whakawhanake tahi me te whakapai ake i te whai wāhi a ngā kaipupuri hea me te moni whiwhi. I taua wā anō, ka kite tātou kei te kaha hoki te whakawhanake a ētahi atu hangarau pēnei i a LoRa me ZETA i te taiao.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ki te whakaritea ki ngā tau o mua i te whānautanga mai o ngā hangarau whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me te mahi takitahi a ia kaipupuri hangarau, ko tētahi ia o ngā tau tata nei ko te whakakotahitanga, tae atu ki te whakakotahitanga o ngā hangarau whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ahokore iti e pā ana ki te mahi me te mahinga, me ngā hangarau LPWAN e pā ana ki te whakamahinga.
I tētahi atu taha, ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te tere o te tuku raraunga me te whakaroa, i mua ko te arotahi o te whakahoutanga hangarau, kua noho hei whakaritenga taketake, ā, ko te arotahi o te whakahoutanga hangarau kei te aro nui ake ki te whakawhānui i ngā āhuatanga me ngā ratonga. Ko te huringa o te ahunga o te whakahoutanga ko te tikanga kei te piki haere te maha o ngā kaiuru ki te umanga, ā, kei te pai haere te taiao. Hei turanga mō te hononga IoT, e kore te hangarau whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e mutu i te hononga "cliché" a muri ake nei, engari ka nui ake ngā whakaaro hou.
Wā tuku: 27 Paenga-whāwhā 2023